Ugg hungry. Ugg sleepy. Ugg’s life good. There’s far more to know about what they know, you know?
They walk among us, and they bring us new news. Get ready to be surprised. Neanderthals were our closest extinct human relatives, living in Europe and Asia from about 400,000 to 40,000 years ago. They had stocky, muscular bodies, larger and more elongated brains than modern humans, and distinctive features like a prominent brow ridge and a large nose.
Neanderthals were skilled hunters, toolmakers, and used fire, with evidence suggesting they may have had complex behaviors like symbolic thought, burying their dead, and a capacity for speech.
The past two decades of genetic research have revolutionized our understanding of Neanderthals, their relatives the Denisovans, and our relationship with them. We’ve learned that they were far more sophisticated than previously thought and, crucially, that they are not entirely extinct. Did you know that Neanderthal DNA in You: Anyone whose ancestors lived outside of Africa (Eurasians) has inherited about 1% to 4% of their nuclear DNA from Neanderthals. This happened when modern humans migrated out of Africa and encountered Neanderthals in the Middle East and Europe, interbreeding roughly 50,000 to 60,000 years ago.
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